Dimensões e Mensuração de Competências Adaptativas na Atuação Profissional em Equipes de Software no Brasil

José Jorge Lima Dias Júnior, Anielson Barbosa da Silva

Abstract


Este artigo apresenta uma escala de mensuração para avaliação de competências adaptativas de profissionais que atuam em equipes de software. A escala foi concebida à luz da teoria da adaptabilidade para atender as características de dinamicidade, complexidade e imprevisibilidade do contexto. A construção seguiu um rigoroso processo balizado pela teoria da mensuração, contemplando etapas qualitativas e quantitativas, o que incluiu entrevistas com 14 profissionais, validação de face e conteúdo por 21 especialistas, amostragem de limpeza com 233 estudantes, e uma segunda amostragem com 454 profissionais para validação da escala. A partir de análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória, foi possível obter uma escala confiável e validada com 29 itens vinculados a sete dimensões: Resolução de problemas, Controle emocional, Autoaprendizagem, Busca por ajuda, Resiliência, Liderança para coordenação e Liderança para cooperação. A escala proposta pode contribuir para ampliar a compreensão sobre a atuação profissional em equipes de software.

Keywords


Competências; Adaptabilidade; Equipes de software; Escala de mensuração

References


Ali, A., Wang, H., & Johnson, R. E. (2020). Empirical analysis of shared leadership promotion and team creativity: An adaptive leadership perspective. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 41(5), 405-423. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2437

Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological bulletin, 103(3), 411.

Baard, S. K., Rench, T. A., & Kozlowski, S. W. (2014). Performance adaptation: A theoretical integration and review. Journal of Management, 40(1), 48-99. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206313488210

Bartone, P. T., Krueger, G. P., & Bartone, J. V. (2018). Individual differences in adaptability to isolated, confined, and extreme environments. Aerospace medicine and human performance, 89(6), 536-546. https://doi.org/10.3357/AMHP.4951.2018

Beaujean, A. A. (2014). Latent variable modeling using R: A step-by-step guide. Routledge.

Charbonnier‐Voirin, A., & Roussel, P. (2012). Adaptive performance: A new scale to measure individual performance in organizations. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences/Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration, 29(3), 280-293. https://doi.org/10.1002/cjas.232

Costa, F. D. (2011). Mensuração e desenvolvimento de escalas: aplicações em administração. Rio de Janeiro: Ciência Moderna.

Christian, J. S., Christian, M. S., Pearsall, M. J., & Long, E. C. (2017). Team adaptation in context: An integrated conceptual model and meta-analytic review. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 140, 62-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2017.01.003

DeVellis, R. F. (2016). Scale development: Theory and applications (Vol. 26). Sage publications.

Dinger, M., Thatcher, J. B., Treadway, D., Stepina, L., & Breland, J. (2015). Does professionalism matter in the IT workforce? An empirical examination of IT professionals. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 16(4), 281. http://doi.org/ 10.17705/1jais.00392

Dubey, R. S., Tewari, V., & Pandiya, B. (2017). A soft approach towards gaining employability in IT professionals. In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), pp. 299-303. IEEE. http://doi.org/ 10.1109/IEEM.2017.8289900

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics, 18(1), 382-388. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800313

Garousi, V., Tarhan, A., Pfahl, D., Coşkunçay, A., & Demirörs, O. (2019). Correlation of critical success factors with success of software projects: an empirical investigation. Software Quality Journal, 27(1), 429-493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11219-018-9419-5

Griffin, M. A., Neal, A., & Parker, S. K. (2007). A new model of work role performance: Positive behavior in uncertain and interdependent contexts. Academy of management journal, 50(2), 327-347. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2007.24634438

Jundt, D. K., Shoss, M. K., & Huang, J. L. (2015). Individual adaptive performance in organizations: A review. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(S1), S53-S71. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1955

King, D. D., Newman, A., & Luthans, F. (2016). Not if, but when we need resilience in the workplace. Journal of organizational behavior, 37(5), 782-786. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2063

Kozlowski, S. W. J., & Klein, K. J. (2000). A multilevel approach to theory and research in organizations: contextual, temporal and emergent processes. In: Klein, K. J.;

Kozlowski, S. W. J. (Eds.). Multilevel theory, research and methods in organizations: foundations, extensions and new directions. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2000. 1, 03-90.

Loufrani-Fedida, S., & Angue, K. (2011). Uma abordagem transversal e global das competências nas organizações por projetos. In: Retour, D., Picq, T., Defelix, C., & Ruas, R. Competências coletivas: no limiar da estratégia. Porto Alegre: Bookman, 99-126.

Marôco, J. (2010). Análise de equações estruturais: Fundamentos teóricos, software & aplicações. ReportNumber, Lda.

Marques-Quinteiro, P., Ramos-Villagrasa, P. J., Passos, A. M., & Curral, L. (2015). Measuring adaptive performance in individuals and teams. Team Performance Management, 21(7/8), 339-360. https://doi.org/10.1108/TPM-03-2015-0014

Matturro, G., Raschetti, F., & Fontán, C. (2019). A Systematic Mapping Study on Soft Skills in Software Engineering. Journal of Universal Computer Science, 25(1), 16-41. http://doi.org/ 10.3217/jucs-025-01-0016

Maynard, M. T., Kennedy, D. M., & Sommer, S. A. (2015). Team adaptation: A fifteen-year synthesis (1998–2013) and framework for how this literature needs to “adapt” going forward. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 24(5), 652-677. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2014.1001376

Muduli, A. (2016). Exploring the facilitators and mediators of workforce agility: an empirical study. Management Research Review, 39(12), 1567-1586.

Oliveira, J., & Silva, A. B. (2015). Determinantes do desenvolvimento de competências coletivas na gestão de pessoas. Revista de Administração Mackenzie (Mackenzie Management Review), 16(5). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-69712015/administracao.v16n5p41-67

Park, S., & Park, S. (2019). Employee Adaptive Performance and Its Antecedents: Review and Synthesis. Human Resource Development Review, 18(3), 294-324. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484319836315

Ployhart, R. E., & Bliese, P. D. (2006). Individual adaptability (I-ADAPT) theory: Conceptualizing the antecedents, consequences, and measurement of individual differences in adaptability. In Understanding adaptability: A prerequisite for effective performance within complex environments (pp. 3-39). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Pulakos, E. D., Arad, S., Donovan, M. A., & Plamondon, K. E. (2000). Adaptability in the workplace: Development of a taxonomy of adaptive performance. Journal of applied psychology, 85(4), 612-624. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.85.4.612

Pulakos, E. D., Dorsey, D. W., & White, S. S. (2006). Adaptability in the workplace: Selecting an adaptive workforce. In C. S. Burke, L. G. Pierce, & E. Salas (Eds.), Advances in human performance and cognitive engineering research (Vol. 6). Understanding adaptability: A prerequisite for effective performance within complex environments (p. 41–71). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1479-3601(05)06002-9

Radant, O., & Stantchev, V. (2018). Metrics for the Management of IT Personnel: A Systematic Literature Review. International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals (IJHCITP), 9(2), 32-51. http://doi.org/10.4018/IJHCITP.2018040103

Rosseel, Y. (2014). The lavaan tutorial. Department of Data Analysis: Ghent University. Disponível em: < http://lavaan.ugent.be/tutorial/tutorial.pdf > Departament of Data Analysis, Ghent University, Belgium, 2018. Acessado em 10 de agosto de 2018.

Rossiter, J. R. (2010). Measurement for the social sciences: The C-OAR-SE method and why it must replace psychometrics. Springer Science & Business Media.

Santos, R. E., Silva, F. Q., Baldassarre, M. T., & de Magalhães, C. V. (2017). Benefits and limitations of project-to-project job rotation in software organizations: A synthesis of evidence. Information and Software Technology, 89, 78-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2017.04.006

Sass, D. A., Schmitt, T. A., & Marsh, H. W. (2014). Evaluating model fit with ordered categorical data within a measurement invariance framework: A comparison of estimators. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 21(2), 167-180. http://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2014.882658

Siau, K., Tan, X., & Sheng, H. (2010). Important characteristics of software development team members: an empirical investigation using Repertory Grid. Information Systems Journal, 20(6), 563-580. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2575.2007.00254.x

Şentürk, C., & Zeybek, G. (2019). Overview of learning from past to present and self-directed learning. In Self-directed learning strategies in adult educational contexts (pp. 138-182). IGI Global. http://doi.org/ 10.4018/978-1-5225-8018-8.ch008

Suh, Y. (2015). The performance of maximum likelihood and weighted least square mean and variance adjusted estimators in testing differential item functioning with nonnormal trait distributions. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 22(4), 568-580. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2014.937669

Tabiu, A., Pangil, F., & Othman, S. Z. (2018). Does Training, Job Autonomy and Career Planning Predict Employees’ Adaptive Performance?. Global Business Review, 21(3), 713-724. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150918779159

Unger-Aviram, E., & Erez, M. (2016). The effects of situational goal orientation and cultural learning values on team performance and adaptation to change. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 25(2), 239-253. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2015.1044515




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4301/S1807-1775202320004

Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Information Systems and Technology Management

Licensed under